从零学习SpringMvc-白红宇

从零学习SpringMvc

阅读量：5938 次

发布时间：2019-06-19

本文共 7139 字，大约阅读时间需要 23 分钟。

简单介绍下SpringMVC构成

构成SpringMVC的主要组件如下

1、DispatcherServlet

2、HandlerMapping

3、Controller

4、ViewResolver

了解SpringMVC的构成之后说下SpringMvc的处理流程顺便说下每部分都负责做什么

spring mvc处理过程

1、客户端请求提交到DispatcherServlet

2、DispatcherServlet查询一个或多个HandlerMapping，找到处理请求的Controller

3、DispatcherServlet将请求提交到Controller

4、Controller调用业务逻辑处理后，返回ModelAndView对象

5、DispatcherServlet查询一个或多个ViewResolver视图解析器，找到ModelAndView指定的视图

6、视图负责将结果展示给客户端

用实例来说明SpringMVC的开发步骤

1、新建web project

2、添加spring支持

3、修改web.xml，配置DispatcherServlet

4、实现Model层

5、实现Controller

6、实现View层

7、修改applicationContext.xml

实际操作步骤

1、打开myeclipse创建web project

2、创建好工程后构建路径添加所需jar

工程上点击鼠标右键--选择myeclipse--选择Add Spring Capabilities

--勾选MyEclipse Libraries--勾选spring3.0核心包（Spring 3.0 Core Libraries）由于是spring mvc项目勾选Spring 3.0 Web Libraries

3、点击确定，工程建立完毕

4、修改web.xml

添加 DispatcherServlet 如：

<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

配置DispatcherServlet用来对整个请求进行处理同时配置spring所需配置文件

配置参数<init-param>

<param-name>namespace</param-name>

<param-value>springmvc-servlet</param-value>

注：

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

接下来配置springmvc拦截请求

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

表示处理所有以“/”结尾的请求

整个web.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="3.0"

xmlns=""

xmlns:xsi=""

xsi:schemaLocation="

<display-name></display-name>

<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>Dispatcher</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

接下来开发model如下：

package com.sinosig.model;

public class Account {

private String cardNo;

private String password;

private float balance;

public String getCardNo() {

return cardNo;

}

public void setCardNo(String cardNo) {

this.cardNo = cardNo;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public float getBalance() {

return balance;

}

public void setBalance(float balance) {

this.balance = balance;

}

下一步：

开发controller

新建LoginController 继承AbstractController 相关业务逻辑在此Controller中进行封装

如：

package com.sinosig.web.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

import com.sinosig.model.Account;

public class LoginController extends AbstractController {

private String formView;

private String successVies;

public String getFormView() {

return formView;

}

public void setFormView(String formView) {

this.formView = formView;

}

public String getSuccessVies() {

return successVies;

}

public void setSuccessVies(String successVies) {

this.successVies = successVies;

}

@Override

protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

// 获取账户和密码

String cardNo = request.getParameter("cardNo");

String password = request.getParameter("password");

Account account = getAccount(cardNo, password);

Map<String ,Object> model = new HashMap<String, Object>();

if (account != null) {

model.put("account", account);

return new ModelAndView(getSuccessVies(), model);

} else {

model.put("error", "卡号和密码不正确");

return new ModelAndView(getFormView(), model);

}

public Account getAccount(String cardNo, String password){

if (cardNo.equals("123") && password.equals("123")) {

Account account = new Account();

account.setCardNo(cardNo);

account.setBalance(88.8f);

return account;

} else {

return null;

}

开发login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>

<!--

-->

</head>

<body>

${error }

<table>

<tr>

</tr>

<tr>

</tr>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</body>

</html>

showAccount.jsp

如：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>My JSP 'showAccount.jsp' starting page</title>

<!--

-->

</head>

<body>

账户信息：<br/>

卡号：${account.cardNo }

密码：${account.password }

</body>

</html>

修改applicationContext.xml

如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

xmlns=""

xmlns:xsi=""

xmlns:p=""

xsi:schemaLocation=" ">

</bean>

<props>

<prop key="/login.do">loginController</prop>

</props>

</property>

</bean>

</bean>

</beans>

上述实例完成，如有问题请及时联系

下一篇将学习springmvc+ibatis

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/zhangdivy/953877

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